References

377

capabilities of nanoparticles. With respect to control samples, the percentage of

antioxidant activity can be calculated as follows:

Antioxidant activity (%) = ([Control absorbance −sample absorbance]∕

Control absorbance) × 100

Absorbance is measured using a UV visible spectrophotometer at 517 nm.

24.5.7

Nano Additives for Fuel

Nanoparticles can be blended with diesel or biodiesel to investigate the engine

performance without engine modification. In engine characteristic investigations,

usage of carbon nanoparticles blended with biodiesel enhanced the break thermal

efficiency and a substantial reduction in emission of harmful pollutants [16].

Biosynthesized nanoparticles also can be explored for its additive property by

blending with diesel or biodiesel. Biosynthesized colloidal nanoparticle has to be

separated using centrifugation method. The specified quantity of nanoparticle

can be blended with fuel by using sonication and engine performance can be

investigated.

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7 Dang, H., Fawcett, D., and Poinern, G.E.J. (2019). Green synthesis of gold

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